This policy brief examines how devolution and disaster risk management (DRM) policies are implemented in Kenya, focusing on informal settlements along the Mathare River Valley during the 2024 urban floods. Drawing on 14 stakeholder interviews and an analysis of national and county DRM frameworks, the study highlights critical gaps between policy intent and on-the-ground implementation.

Findings reveal that transparency, accountability, and inclusive participation of community actors are essential for effective DRM. While devolution has created opportunities for localized decision-making, poor coordination and weak execution have eroded public trust. The research emphasizes the vital role of community-based organizations (CBOs), which often bridge institutional gaps by translating policy frameworks into practical local actions that strengthen resilience.

As urbanization and climate variability intensify, Kenya’s national and county governments must enhance the implementation of DRM policies by fostering collaboration with local actors. Strengthening community engagement and improving governance structures will be key to preventing and managing future urban floods and safeguarding vulnerable populations